The Use of Imperatives in If by Rudyard Kipling
The poem If is famous for its use of imperatives, a literary device that commands or instructs the reader to do something. By using direct, commanding language, Kipling gives the poem an instructional tone, providing a series of life lessons meant to guide the reader toward becoming a person of wisdom, strength, and moral integrity. The imperative tone is crucial in creating a sense of urgency and action, making the poem not just a reflection but also a call to action.
From the opening lines, “If you can keep your head when all about you / Are losing theirs and blaming it on you,” Kipling immediately directs the reader to embody certain virtues—calmness, rationality, and poise. The imperative “If you can” is repeated throughout the poem, each time introducing a new ideal to strive for. These statements serve as both challenges and goals for the reader to achieve. The imperative style makes the poem feel more like a set of principles or guidelines for life rather than a passive observation of the world.
This commanding language is effective because it speaks directly to the reader, urging them to embody the virtues described in the poem. Rather than simply observing the qualities of a virtuous person, the reader is encouraged to take action and embody those characteristics themselves. The use of the imperative also makes the poem feel personal, as if the speaker is directly guiding and advising the reader.
In conclusion, the use of imperatives in If creates an instructional and motivational tone, making the poem not just a reflection on ideal qualities, but a call to actively pursue those ideals. The commanding language strengthens the message that these virtues are achievable and necessary for leading a successful and meaningful life.
4. The Concept of Ideal Manhood in If by Rudyard Kipling
If by Rudyard Kipling offers a vision of the "ideal man," one who embodies strength, wisdom, humility, and perseverance. The poem is a blueprint for achieving personal integrity and is often interpreted as a guide to becoming a person of good character. Through a series of conditions, Kipling outlines the qualities and attitudes that define ideal manhood in his eyes.
The poem’s ideal man is someone who can maintain composure in the face of adversity, exemplified by the lines: “If you can keep your head when all about you / Are losing theirs and blaming it on you.” This highlights the importance of emotional control, even in times of crisis. The ideal man is calm, rational, and able to navigate difficult situations with poise.
Moreover, Kipling’s ideal man balances ambition with humility. He is encouraged to "dream" but not be consumed by dreams, and to "think" but not be limited by thoughts. This balance between striving for greatness and remaining grounded is crucial in Kipling's vision of manhood. Additionally, the ideal man’s strength is not about physical prowess but the strength to remain steadfast in his beliefs, to forgive, and to maintain integrity, even when confronted with challenges.
Kipling’s ideal man is also a symbol of resilience. He is able to endure loss and failure and rise again, as reflected in the lines: “If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster / And treat those two impostors just the same.” This highlights the idea that true manhood is about maintaining inner strength and perspective, no matter the outcome of external events.
In conclusion, If presents an idealized version of manhood—one that balances strength, wisdom, humility, and resilience. Kipling’s vision of the ideal man serves as a timeless guide to achieving personal integrity and navigating life’s challenges with grace.