The Role of Identity and Transformation in The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka (1915)

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Expanding the Roles:
The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka is the surreal story of Gregor Samsa, a traveling salesman who wakes up one morning to find himself transformed into a giant insect. The novella explores themes of alienation, identity, and the human condition. For literature students, The Metamorphosis offers a unique insight into how an individual’s transformation affects their sense of self and their relationships with others.

• Identity and Alienation:
  Gregor’s transformation leads to his alienation not only from society but also from his family. Literature students can explore how Kafka uses the transformation to symbolize the emotional and psychological isolation that individuals often feel in a modern, industrial society.

• Family Dynamics and Responsibility:
  As Gregor’s condition worsens, his family’s treatment of him changes, revealing the tension between personal responsibility and familial loyalty. Students can examine how the family’s reaction to Gregor’s transformation reflects broader themes of human relationships, dependency, and social expectations.

What We Learn:
The Metamorphosis provides literature students with a deep exploration of identity, alienation, and transformation. The novella underscores the emotional and existential costs of isolation and highlights the complex dynamics of family relationships and societal expectations.